MP3Gain is an open-source program that can be used to normalize the volume of MP3 files.
Installing is easy:
$ sudo apt install mp3gain
To normalize the volume of MP3 files, just invoke mp3gain on them:
$ mp3gain *.mp3
To normalize for album gain use the -a parameter:
$ mp3gain -a *.mp3
Note: MP3Gain has been discontinued in Ubuntu 15.04 and is not available in its archives. ReplayGain is an excellent alternative to it.
Tried with: MP3Gain 1.5.2 and Ubuntu 12.04 LTS